Method and apparatus for control of fluid temperature and flow

摘要

Materials, components, and methods consistent with the present invention are directed to the fabrication and use of micro-scale channels with a fluid, where the temperature and flow of the fluid is controlled through the geometry of the micro-scale channel and the configuration of at least a portion of the wall of the micro-scale channel and the constituent particles that make up the fluid. Moreover, the wall of the micro-scale channel and the constituent particles are configured such that collisions between the constituent particles and the wall are substantially specular.

主权项

1. An apparatus for cooling comprising:
a micro channel comprising a wall portion, an inflow opening, and an outflow opening; and a gas comprising a constituent particle; wherein the micro channel is configured to accommodate a flow of the gas from the inflow opening to the outflow opening in a first direction substantially perpendicular to a cross section of the micro channel; wherein the inflow opening has a first cross section area and the outflow opening has a second cross section area substantially different from the first cross section area; wherein the first cross section area has a value in a first range of about 0.01 μm2 to 500 μm2; wherein the second cross section area has a value in a second range of about 0.1 μm2 to 50,000 μm2; and wherein the wall portion and the constituent particle are configured such that a velocity component of the constituent particle parallel to the wall portion before a collision between the constituent particle and the wall portion has approximately the same value after the collision and further configured such that energy transfer between the wall portion and the constituent particle occurs through a change in a velocity component of the constituent particle perpendicular to the wall portion.