A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) may include an electrochemically separating sublayer disposed between the proton exchange membrane and an anode substrate. The MEA may also include a poison-scrubbing catalyst disposed between the electrochemically separating sublayer and the anode substrate. An anode electrocatalyst disposed between the proton exchange membrane and the electrochemically separating sublayer and a cathode electrocatalyst disposed between the cathode substrate and the proton exchange membrane.
