| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry; electrochemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: present invention pertains to electrochemistry and can be used for determining the electronic work function of conductors in a vacuum in a galvanic cell. The method involves putting into working container 2, a test conductor 5 and comparison conductor 4, and connection of conductors 4 and 5 to an external electrical circuit with subsequent measurement of the potential difference between them after achieving dynamic equilibrium of their electrochemical parameters. Working container 2 is filled with liquid medium 3, inert to materials of conductors 4 and 5. The electronic work function in a vacuum of the material of test conductor 5 is determined from a theoretical law, linking the value of the measured potential difference to such characteristics of liquid medium 3 for thermodynamic conditions for implementing the method, as dipole moment, polarisability and electron solvation energy. The second version for implementing the method of determining the electron work function in a vacuum involves putting into working container 2, test conductor 5 and comparison conductor 4, connecting conductors 4 and 5 to an external circuit with subsequent measurement of potential difference between them after attaining dynamic equilibrium of their electrochemical parameters. Working container 2, together with test conductor 4 and comparison conductor 4, is fitted with an auxiliary conductor 11. Working container 2 is filled with liquid medium 3, inert to materials of all conductors. Before closing the electrical circuit between the test conductor 5 and the comparison conductor 4, the test conductor 5 and auxiliary conductor 11 are connected to an external circuit, with subsequent forced attainment of dynamic equilibrium of their electrochemical parameters, which is controlled from absence of current between them. The electronic work function in a vacuum of the material of the test conductor 5 is determined from a theoretical law, linking the value of potential difference between test conductor 5 and comparison conductor 4, with such characteristics of the liquid medium for thermodynamic conditions for implementing the method, as dipolar moment, polarisability and electron solvation energy. ^ EFFECT: simplification of the method of determining the electronic work function in a vacuum of a separate conductor, increased efficiency of the method with retention of accuracy, not worse than that of the Kelvin-Zisman method, possibility of determining difference between electronic work functions in a vacuum of two separate conductors with accuracy approaching the theoretical value. ^ 6 cl, 2 dwg, 2 tbl |
