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1,064,693. Oxygenating or purifying blood. SINGLE CELL RESEARCH FOUNDATION, Inc. March 31, 1964 [March 29, 1963], No. 13233/64. Heading A5R. [Also in Division B1] A blood oxygenator or artificial kidney comprises a semi-permeable membrane envelope 108 for the passage of blood, a grooved plate 106, 110 on each side of the envelope, a fluid inlet and outlet for supplying oxygen or a liquid between the plates and the envelope, each plate being supported by a frame 104, 112 through which heat exchange fluid passes and outward bowing of the plates being limited by stepped cross bars 162 of the frame. A blood oxygenator comprises a unit or stacked units, each unit including a membrane envelope 108, for the passage of blood, clamped between two plates 106, 110 each of which has on the surface adjacent the bag a network of grooves or recesses 124, 130, 135 for the passage of oxygen. Outside each plate or separating the plates associated with adjacent envelopes is a support frame 104, 112 having cross-bars 162 which permit the plates to flex away from the envelopes to a limited extent as oxygen flows past the envelopes. The unit or stack of units has at each end a plate 102, 114 similar to the plates adjacent the envelopes or a cover plate (12, 14). The plates support frames and envelopes are clamped together by bolts with nuts which pass through registering peripheral holes 116 in the plates and support frames, fluid-tight connections thus being created between the peripheries of the envelopes and the plates, and the plates and the support frames, respectively. Additionally, yoke clamps (190) may be applied at each end of a stack of units. A heat exchange fluid is drawn upwardly by a pump (78) through the cavities 160 of the support frames so that oxygenated blood flowing out of the apparatus is at a desired temperature. The stacked units are supported on a frame (18, 20) which is pivotal on a base (26) having wheels (28). Each envelope is supplied at one end with a pulsating flow of blood through inlets 140, 142 which are connected through conduits (40, 42) and a pulsating blood pump (38) with a blood reservoir or the patient. Oxygenated blood passes from the other end of each envelope through an outlet 144 and a conduit (50) to a reservoir or the patient. A pulsating supply of oxygen is connected through conduits (62) to the groove networks in the plates adjacent each envelope and oxygen leaves the apparatus through slots 135 formed along one edge of each plate. The pulsating supplies of blood and oxygen may be in or out of phase and concurrent or countercurrent to one another through the apparatus.
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