Opiod formulations for treating pain

摘要

Oral sustained release opioid formulation comprises: an opioid analgesic, a retardant material to cause the opioid analgesic to be released at a rate to provide an analgesic effect after oral admin. to a human patient for 24 hrs, the formulation when administered in humans providing an initially rapid rate of rise in the plasma conc. of the opioid characterised by providing an absorption half-life of 1-8 hrs. in the fastened state. Method for titrating human patients with a sustained release oral opioid formulation comprises: 1) administering to a human patient on a once-a-day basis a unit dose of an oral sustained release formulation comprising a dose of an opioid analgesic and a retardant material as described above, 2) monitoring pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters elicited by the formulation in the human patient and determining whether the pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic parameters are appropriate to treat the patient on a repeated basis, 3) titrating t he patient by adjusting the dose of the opioid analgesic administered to the patient by administering a unit dose of the sustained release opioid analgesic formulation if it is determined that the pharmacokinetic and/or the pharmacodynamic parameters are not satisfactory or maintaining the dose of the opioid analgesic in the unit dose at a previously administered amt. if the pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic parameters are deemed appropriate, 4) continuing the step 3 titration by adjusting the dose of the opioid analgesic until appropriate steady state pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic parameters are achieved in the patient, and 5) continuing the admin. of the dose of the opioid analgesic in the oral sustained release formulation on a once-a-day basis until treatment is terminated.