| 摘要 |
<p>A direct smelting process for producing iron and/or ferroalloys is disclosed. The process operates on a commercial scale in a metallurgical vessel that has a hearth, side walls, and a roof, and a minimum width dimension of the interior of the hearth of at least 4 meters. The process is a molten bath-based process and includes supplying ferruginous material, carbonaceous material, and fluxes into the vessel and smelting ferruginous feed material to molten metal in the molten bath and generating gases in the bath. The process also includes injecting jets of oxygen-containing gas being air or air with up to 50% oxygen through 3 or more lances into a space above the quiescent surface of the molten bath (the 'top space') and combusting gases generated in the process and generating upward movement of molten material from the molten bath into the top space to facilitate heat transfer to the bath and to minimise heat loss from the vessel. The process is characterised by entraining a volume of top space gas into the jets of oxygen-containing gas injected into the vessel that is 2-6 times the volume of the injected gas.</p> |
