| 摘要 |
FIELD: nuclear engineering nuclear reactors for vehicles, such as space craft. SUBSTANCE: reactor core is divided into two subcores mounted along reactor axis in tandem; one of them is subcritical subcore spaced from other one at distance whose maximum value is chosen from inequality, where Dis core diameter, m; π is number equal to 3.14; Kis neutron multiplication factor in subcritical subcore; Pis return probability of neutrons produced in critical subcore and passed to subcritical subcore, and back; its minimum value is found from set of inequalities, where S is neutron density at end of critical subcore in power generation mode, ms; K is multiplication factor of subcritical subcore; P is probability of escape of neutrons produced in critical subcore through gap between subcores; Qis permissible capacity of heat-transfer system in subcritical subcore in power generation mode, W; Kis effective multiplication factor of critical subcore in shutdown state; Σis macrosection of neutron absorption by material between ends of subcores; m; Σis absorption macrosection of fissionable material in subcritical subcore, m; Δ&Kgr;is efficiency of safety system of reactor subcritical subcore; Σis subcritical subcore absorption macrosection, m);; γis nuclear concentration of fissionable material of subcritical subcore, m. EFFECT: reduced cost, facilitated manufacture, minimized size of reactor and vehicle as a whole, facilitated transfer from one operating condition of vehicle to other and provision for operation in two modes at a time, reduced effect of high temperatures and vacuum on reactor components. |
