| 摘要 |
Apparatus adapted for converting coal and heavy oil to volatile hydrocarbons comprising a thermal cracking reactor having a thermal cracking zone enclosed in an interior tubular riser within a vertical shell, lower inlet means for receiving hot coal and heavy oil and upper outlet means for removing a first cracked hydrocarbon volatilized portion and a non-volatile portion, said outlet means including a plurality of horizontally radial conduits for distributing reaction products from the thermal cracking zone outwardly. An enclosed steam stripping zone is operatively connected to receive the non-volatile portion from the thermal cracking zone having means for contacting superheated steam with said non-volatile portion at higher temperature for removing a second volatilized hydrocarbon portion from the non-volatile portion. The apparatus includes a combustor having an upper heating chamber and a lower combustion chamber. The heating chamber and combustion chamber are separated by a combustor riser which also supports a bed of feed coal and includes an opening for the passage of combustion gases whereby the feed coal supported on the combustor riser is indirectly heated. The preheated feed coal is supplied to the bottom of the riser reactor and the non-volatile portion of the reaction products is supplied from the stripping chamber to the combustion chamber. The stripping zone may be disposed in a cylindrical stripping chamber located in an annular portion of the vertical shell surrounding the interior tubular riser. In another embodiment, the thermal cracking zone and stripping zone are separately housed pressure vessels.
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