| 主权项 |
1. A process for converting heavy oils into lighter hydrocarbons said process comprising the steps of:
(a) heating a mixture [101] comprising of heavy oil feed [100], HVGO recycle feed stream [115], hydrogen [143] and an oil soluble liquid catalyst [103] in a heater [144]; (b) transferring and charging the mixture of step (a) in a tubular slurry hydrocracking reactor [105] at a temperature in the range of 250° C. to 550° C., a pressure in the range of 40 to 250 bar, and a liquid hourly space velocity being below 4 h−1; (c) obtaining and transferring the gas-liquid mixture of step (b) to a hot high pressure separator [107]; (d) separating the gas-liquid mixture of step (c) into (i) a first gaseous stream of hydrocarbons which is free of an oil soluble liquid catalyst having a boiling point up to 500° C. [108], and (ii) a second liquid stream of hydrocarbons containing an oil soluble liquid catalyst having a boiling point above 500° C. which contains Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil (HVGO) and Unconverted oil (UCO); (e) extracting the second liquid stream of hydrocarbons of step (d) and transferring to a hydrocyclone separator [110] and separating it into (i) a first part consisting of a liquid portion consisting of HVGO and Unconverted oil [112] having a boiling temperature in the range of 500-525° C. which consist of oil soluble liquid catalyst particles having a size less than 20 micron with a high concentration of aromatic compounds; and (ii) a second portion consisting of pitch [111] having a boiling point of above 525° C. which consists of particles of oil soluble liquid catalyst having a size more than 20 microns which is purged out [145]; (f) transferring the first portion consisting the HVGO and Unconverted oil of step (e) to a vacuum distillation column [113] to obtain (i) VGO [114], HVGO [115] which is recycled to the heating mixture [101] and subsequently to the slurry hydrocracking reactor [105], and pitch [116] which is purged out [145]; (g) transferring the first gaseous stream of hydrocarbons [108] of step (d) to a first hydrotreating reactor [118] comprising a hydrotreating catalyst in the temperature range of 200° C. to 600° C. and in pressure in the range of 20 bar to 90 bar, optionally along with additional hydrogen [108]; (h) extracting the stream of step (g) through line [119], mixing it with VGO [120] and transferring it to a hydrocracking reactor [122]; (i) transferring the effluent of step (h) to a High Pressure Separator (HPS) [124]; (j) obtaining a gaseous stream rich in hydrogen and a liquid hydrocarbon product from step (i), wherein the gaseous stream rich in hydrogen is drawn off through an overhead line [125] and wherein a liquid hydrocarbon product is drawn off a bottom through [126]; (k) transferring the liquid hydrocarbon product of step (i) to a product fractionator [130]; and (l) obtaining premium quality streams of C4 [131], naptha [132], diesel [133] and VGO [120], wherein VGO [120] is recycled to the fixed bed hydrocracking reactor [122] after mixing with the hydrotreating reactor [118] effluent line [119]. |
