| 摘要 |
<p>A lance (24, 124) for top submerged lancing (TSL) injection in a pyro-metallurgical operation (10) which has at least two substantially concentric pipes (28, 30, 128, 130), with an annular passage (42, 142) defined between an outermost one of the pipes (28, 128) and a next adjacent pipe (30, 130) and a further passage (46, 146) define within an innermost one of the pipes (30, 130). The outermost pipe (28, 128) has an inner surface that, over at least a lower part (H) of its length from a submergible lower outlet end (S) of the lance (24, 124), is modified so as to enhance the heat transfer characteristics of that area (H) relative to the heat transfer characteristics of the inner surface of the outermost pipe (28, 128) in its as formed condition or without the modification. The modification comprises at least one or a combination of: an increased surface area; or a level of surface roughness.</p> |
