| 摘要 |
An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a specific conductive layer and promising less variation in light-area potential and residual potential in reproducing images repeatedly, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus which have such an electrophotographic photosensitive member are provided. Where a test in which a voltage of −1.0 kV having only a DC voltage component is continuously applied to the conductive layer for 1 hour is conducted, the conductive layer has volume resistivity satisfying the following mathematical expressions (1) and (2), as values before and after the test: −2.00≦̸(log|&rgr;2|−log|&rgr;1|)≦̸2.00  (1), and 1.0×108≦̸&rgr;1≦̸2.0×1013  (2), where, in the expressions (1) and (2), &rgr;1 is volume resistivity (&OHgr;·cm) of the conductive layer as measured before the test and &rgr;2 is volume resistivity (&OHgr;·cm) of the conductive layer as measured after the test. |
