| 摘要 |
By means of the three-component catalysts described below, a -olefinic hydrocarbons may be polymerized; monomers specified are ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 4-methyl1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butene, allyl benzene, styrene, vinylcyclohexane, butadiene, isoprene and 1:3-pentadiene. Mention is made also of mixtures of ethylene and propylene. Hydrogen may be introduced into the polymerization reaction to alter the molecular weight of the polymers; the latter are isolated using the common extraction and washing procedures. Polymerization catalysts comprise (1) Na, Li, K, Mg, or Zn, (2) a tetrahalide (chloride, bromide or iodide) of Ti or V, and (3) an additional component either (a) of general formula R13Z (wherein Z=N, P, As or Sb and R1=H or C1-12 alkyl, aryl or aralkyl) or (b) of one of the general formulae POY3, PY3, RCOY or (CH2)n(COY)2 (wherein Y is -NHR or -OR, R=H or C1-8 alkyl and n is an integer from 1 to 4). Components specified are: (a) phosphine, tributyl-amine and -phosphine, diethyl-aniline and -a -naphthylamine, triphenyl-arsine, -phosphine and -stibine, and tridodecylamine; (b) hexamethylphosphoric amide, triethyl and trioctyl phosphate, triethyl and tributyl phosphite, N:N-dimethyl-acetamide and -formamide, adipamide and phosphate mixed amide-esters. Use of an inert organic diluent, e.g. an aliphatic cycloaliphatic, aromatic or alkylaromatic hydrocarbon, or a halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon, is preferred, many such diluents being specified.
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