| 摘要 |
Porous ceramics are described, which are produced bya) mixing an aqueous solution of a suitable ionotropically orientable polyanion, either withoxides, hydroxides or hydrated oxides, which are present in the form of a sol, of the metals Al, Zr, Ti and Nb,or with finely crystalline oxides, hydroxides or hydrated oxides, which are present in suspension, of these metals,or with finely crystalline tricalcium phosphate or apatite which are present in suspension,b) bringing the mixed sol obtained as in a) or the suspension obtained as in a) into contact with a solution of a salt of a di- or trivalent metal cation in order to produce an ionotropic gel body,c) compacting the gel body by introducing it into electrolyte solutions which further enhance the syneresis of the polyelectrolyte which was originally formed,d) washing the gel body with water and subsequently impregnating it with a readily volatile, water-miscible solvent,e) freeing the anhydrous gel body or gel bodies obtained as in d) from the readily volatile, water-miscible solvent,f) burning out the organic constituents from the dry gel body or the dry gel bodies obtained as in e),g) sintering the product obtained as in f).A capillary frit is also described. Moreover, the invention describes the use of these materials as a catalyst or as a catalyst support, as a ceramic component for composite materials, as a reversible flow filter and as a slab-like sorbent for chromatography columns, as well as the use of a composite material, which is produced from a granular material of the ceramics which are described, as a dental material, particularly as a dental cement.
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