| 摘要 |
1,174,716. Preparation of organic nitriles. E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. 19 Sept., 1968 [31 Oct., 1967], No. 44506/68. Heading C2C. Organic nitriles are obtained by reacting hydrogen cyanide with an organic compound having at least one non-conjugated ethylenic carbon-carbon double bond and containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms at a temperature of from - 25‹ to 200‹ C. and in the presence of a zero valent nickel complex and a borane of the formula B a H a+4 , wherein n is an integer of 2- 10, or B m H m+6 , where m is an integer of from 4-10, or an organoboron compound of the formula B(R<SP>1</SP>) 3 , where R<SP>1</SP> is H, a C 6-18 aryl radical, a lower (C 1-7 ) alkyl radical, or a cyano substituted lower alkyl radical, the molar ratio of borane or organoboron compound to nickel complex being from 1: 16 to 50: 1. The nickel complex, which is suitably one which causes the isomerization of 3-pentenenitrile to 4-pentenenitrile, may be pre-formed or prepared in situ and suitably has the formula where A<SP>1</SP>, A<SP>2</SP>, A<SP>3</SP> and A<SP>4</SP>, which may be the same or different, are M(XYZ), where M is P, As or Sb and X, Y and Z, which may be the same or different, are R or OR, where R is an alkyl or aryl group having up to 18 carbon atoms. The ligand may be used in excess, when it may serve as a solvent, or an inert organic solvent may be present. The examples describe the production of adiponitrile, 2-methyl glutaronitrile and ethylsuccinonitrile. |
