| 摘要 |
The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for producing tertiary alkyl ethers from isoolefins and alcohols. According to the process, the isoolefins and alcohols are reacted with each other in a reaction space (31) in the presence of a cation exchange resin for forming the ethers. The process is carried out in an reactor vessel comprising a lower section in which a fluidized-bed section (35) can be formed, and an upper section in which a fixed-bed section (36) can be formed, respectively. The inlet nozzle (30A) for initial reactant mixture feed is adapted to the reactor vessel lower section and the outlet nozzle (30B) for removal of reaction products is adapted to the reactor vessel upper section, respectively. According to the invention the fixed reaction bed (36) is advantageously achieved by using a reactor equipped with an expansion section (37) above which the reactor cross-sectional area is increased sufficiently to reduce the superficial velocity of the liquid upflow from the reactor lower section to the upper section below the minimum fluidization velocity. By virtue of the invention, the catalyst contained in the fixed bed can be changed even during run by temporarily reducing the superficial liquid velocity so much as to allow the catalyst particles contained in the fixed bed to fall by gravity to the lower section of the reactor, wherefrom the spent catalyst can be unloaded as necessary and replaced by new catalyst. |
