| 摘要 |
Flow in nonlinearly compliant leaky fluid circuits is controlled by alteration of control variables in fluid pathways external to the leaky circuits. In analogous practical applications, blood flow in patients undergoing total cardiopulmonary bypass is modified to limit transvascular fluid loss from the circulatory system into body tissues by altering control variables in an external fluid pathway through which venous blood from the patient passes before being oxygenated and returned under pressure to the patient's arterial system. A controller uses predetermined rules operating on control variables to achieve objectives which may include minimization of fluid leak rates and/or maintenance of euvolemic conditions in a patient's circulatory system while circulatory system flow rates are maintained at or above physiologically-established minimums.
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