| 摘要 |
Acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, together with the corresponding saturated nitriles in small amount, are obtained by contacting a mixture of propylene or isobutylene, ammonia and oxygen, the molar ratio of oxygen to olefine being 0.5-3: 1, with a fluidized solids catalyst at 550-1000 DEG F. and substantially 1 to 3 atmospheres pressure, in a reactor having a plurality of communicating reaction compartments and comprising foraminous members, the open area of which is 7.5-50% of the total internal cross-sectional area of the reactor. Preferably the molar ratio of ammonia to olefine is 0.05-5: 1, and water may be present in a water to olefine ratio of 0.25-10: 1. Specified catalysts are the Bi, Sn and Sb salts of phosphomolybdic and molybdic acids, bismuth silicomolybdate, silicophosphomolybdate and phosphotungstate, the combined oxides of Bi and Mo and optionally P, which may be promoted by the oxides of Ba and Si; and the combined oxides of Sb and V, Sb and Fe, Sb and Th, Sb and Ce, and Sb and Mn. Other catalysts which may be used are those of Specifications 904,418 and 874,593, Belgian Specifications 592,434, 593,097, 598,511, 603,030, 612,136, 615,605 and 603,031, Canadian Specification 619,497, French Specification 1,278,289 and U.S.A. Specification 2,481,826. The foraminous members may be screens, gratings, perforated plates, cores or pyramidal-shaped plates, such as are disclosed in U.S.A. Specifications 2,433,798, 2,730,556, 2,740,698, 2,833,219, 2,847,360, 2,893,849 and 2,893,851.ALSO:Catalysts for the production of acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile (see Division C2) include the combined oxides of Sb and Th, and Sb and Mn, if desired supported on SiO2 or Al2O3. Many metals may be incorporated in the form of heteropoly salts. Specifications 874,593 and 904,418 are referred to. |
