| 摘要 |
FIELD: ammunition, in particular, cartridges of combat and sporting rifled and smoothbore automatic, semi-automatic and non-automatic small arms. SUBSTANCE: the cartridge has a case, shell, mainly a bullet one, piston- separator, propellant charge with a device for its ignition (primer), fluid (mainly liquid) filling the space between the shell and the piston-separator, including its prominent (developed) part that is positioned opposite the mouth opening and is made for contraction, at least at the final section of the working stroke of the piston-separator, minimum flow area between it and the fixed members of the cartridge case in the area of the mouth incline and base with provision of throttling of the fluid flow in the mentioned area braking the piston separator. In the first modification of the cartridge design the piston- separator is braked mainly at the final section of its working stroke by throttling of the fluid flow in the gap between the tapered surface of the developed part of the piston-separator and the surface of the mouth opening. In the second and third modifications of the design-mainly by throttling in the system of communicating openings or longitudinal groove, respectively, provided in the prominent part of the piston-separator that is made cylindrical. The fourth modification of the design is featured by provision of screening of the mouth incline by the flared end of the developed part of the case bottom. EFFECT: improved technical characteristics of the cartridge due to rationalization of the conditions of absorption of the kinetic energy of the piston-separator at the end of its working stroke, and use in this case of the hydrodynamic and thermophysical properties of the fluid. 10 cl, 7 dwg
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