| 摘要 |
A cyclic compound comprising m units of formula Ia and n units of formula (Ib) joined together to form a ring, wherein Y is a divalent bridging group which may be the same or different in each unit; R<0> is H, a C1-C6 alkyl or a metal or ammonium cation; R<5> is H or a C1-C60 alkyl; and j is 1 or 2; R<3> is hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl or a hetero-substituted hydrocarbyl group; each of R<1>, R<2> and R<4>, which may be the same or different, is hydroxyl, hydrogen, hydrocarbyl or hetero-substituted hydrocarbyl, with the proviso that at least one of R<1>, R<2>, R<4> is hydroxyl, and m + n is 4 to 20, m is 1-8 and n is at least 3; and with the proviso that at least one of the conditions a) to e) below is satisfied: (a) the cyclic compound comprises at least one formula (Ia) unit in the form of a carboxylate anion, (b) the caclic compound comprises at least one formula (Ia) unit in the form of an alkaline earth metal or alkali metal carboxylate salt, (c) the cyclic compound comprises at least 2 units of formula (Ia) (d) the cyclic compound comprises an m + n value of 5 to 11, and (e) the cyclic compound is in the substantial absence of linear species comprising formula (Ia) and (Ib) units and/or the substantial absence of compounds of the formula (IIa) and (IIb) below: (IIa) (IIb).
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