| 摘要 |
Enzyme electrodes with the enzyme enclosed within liposomes, which are preferably supported on or in a membrane and immobilised there, for example in the membrane pores. The liposomes may be made using lipids (especially phospholipids) and conveniently by "reverse phase evaporation". They may incorporate conventional electrode elements, e.g. the Clark electrode pair (Platinum/Silver) and additional membranes or screens, and used particularly in amperometric measurements. They are preferably used near the phase transition temperature of the lipid and give improved selectivity and facility to measure higher concentrations of active components in the analyte. The enzyme is preferably an oxidase (e.g. glucose oxidase) and useful for measurement (directly or indirectly) of low molecular weight species e.g. hydrogen peroxide generated by enzymic action, and effective for study of biological fluids e.g. blood. Also, modified membranes and electrolytic sensors using the liposome-enclosed enzymes. |
