| 摘要 |
<p>The invention pertains to the field of metallurgy, and relates to a method for producing ingots of Damascus steel, characterized in that a melt having a carbon content of 1 to 4 %, with the balance consisting of iron, and having a minimal impurity content (the lower the impurity content, the higher the quality of the Damascus steel), is superheated to a temperature 250 to 650°C higher than the liquidus line and kept under a layer of slag for a duration of 4 to 7 hours at a constant temperature and, after refining by one method or another, is poured into a lined ingot mold of the rotor of a centrifugal machine rotating at a constant speed until the entire volume of the ingot mold is filled from the center to the outer wall of the ingot mold of the crystallizer. The rotation speed of the ingot mold is determined by the number of revolutions required to obtain a gravity coefficient at the outer wall of the ingot mold of between 20 and 300. The thermodynamic characteristics of the centrifugal apparatus must provide for a uniform volumetric cooling of the gradient melt in the ingot mold at a cooling rate not exceeding 5°C/sec, which is ensured by the quality of the lining and the possibility of preheating (heating) the ingot mold before feeding in the melt. The degree of superheating of the melt to be poured, together with the cooling rate of the melt in the ingot mold, is supposed to ensure the crystallization of the melt in the force field of the centrifugal machine prior to the beginning of the natural crystallization processes. The operation mode of the centrifugal machine is maintained unchanged until the temperature of the casting in the ingot mold reaches the temperature at which crystallization processes are complete under normal conditions. A further processing of the ingots is carried out by heating to a temperature of between 720 and 750° C.</p> |
