| 摘要 |
FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for preparing vinyl chloride monomer and to a catalyst sued in catalytic preparing vinyl chloride monomer from flows comprising ethylene. Method for preparing vinyl chloride from ethylene is carried out by the oxidehydrochlorination reaction. Method involves combining reagents including ethylene, the source of oxygen and chlorine in the catalyst-containing reactor at temperature 350-500°C and under pressure from atmosphere to 3.5 MPa, i. e. under conditions providing preparing the product flow comprising vinyl chloride and ethylene. Catalyst comprises one or some rare-earth elements under condition that the atomic ratio between rare-earth metal and oxidative-reductive metal (iron and copper) is above 10 in the catalyst and under the following condition: when cerium presents then the catalyst comprises additionally at least one rare-earth element distinctive from cerium. Ethylene is recirculated from the product flow inversely for using at stage for combining reagents. Invention proposes a variant for a method for preparing vinyl chloride. Also, invention proposes variants of a method for catalytic dehydrochlorination of raw comprising one or some components taken among ethyl chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,1,2-trichloroethane in the presence of catalyst. Catalyst represents the composition of the formula MOCl or MCl3 wherein M represents a rare-earth element or mixture of rare-earth elements taken among lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium, samarium, yttrium, gadolinium, erbium, ytterbium, holmium, terbium, europium, thulium and lutetium. The catalytic composition has the surface area BET value from 12 m2/g to 200 m2/g. Invention provides simplifying technology and enhanced selectivity of the method. ^ EFFECT: improved conversion method. ^ 61 cl, 8 tbl, 32 ex |
