| 摘要 |
FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and can be used to grow fodder crops on permanently frozen soils. Method of development of permanently frozen soils of forest tundra includes selecting flood-free, not marshy flat areas of tundra. In autumn in November and at the beginning of winter in December bushes, small forest and moss cover are removed from frozen soil, while natural protective forest or shrub strips are left intact and directed perpendicular to direction of prevailing winds. Then soil is cultivated with a disk harrow to the depth of 22 cm. After harrowing remaining large roots is collected from surface, transported from the plot or burnt on site. Thereafter, manure or peat-dung compost, organic and mineral fertilizers are introduced into the soil of the prepared plot and crops are planted. Protective forest or shrub strips are located at a distance of not more than 10 times of their height, density of 0.6-0.7 and width of not less than 4-6 m. Soil is cultivated with heavy duty disk harrow BDT-3,0. 80-100 tons of manure or peat compost are used per hectar. Lime is introduced in the amount of 6-8 t/ha, together with 0.4-0.5 t of ammonium nitrate, 0.2-0.25 t of superphosphate and 0.2-0.25 t of potassium chloride per 1 hectare. Fertilizer is embedded in soil with a heavy duty disk harrow BDT-3,0. In first years after cultivation of a plot the following are grown: oats for silage or green fodder or a mixture of oats with peas and vetch. Sowing is terminated before July 1 and soil is rolled with a roller.EFFECT: method provides increased area of cultivation of permanently frozen soils and reduced length of their cultivation, higher yield of green mass of fodder crops up to 18-22 t/ha.8 cl, 2 tbl |
