| 摘要 |
A thiourea is reacted with a copolymer of an alpha, beta-unsaturated nitrile, e.g. acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, alpha-cyanoacrylonitrile, alpha-chloroacrylonitrile and fumarodinitrile, and an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable component containing a reactive ester group having an alkylating function which is either a group containing halogen bound to a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic residue, the halogen atom being connected to a saturated carbon atom, or a group derived from esters of strong acids which are alkylating agents, e.g. gamma-bromopropyl acrylate and methacrylate, epsilon-chlorohexyl acrylate and analogous derivatives of dicarboxylic acids such as fumaric acid, vinyl and methallyl chloracetates, methallyl chloride, beta-chlorethyl vinyl ether and the benzene sulphonic ester of diglycol monoacrylate. There may also be incorporated in the copolymer monomers such as methacrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, methylacrylamide, methyl methacrylamide, beta-hydroxyethyl methacrylamide, gamma - hydroxypropyl acrylamide, acrylylaminoacetic acid, acrylyl urea, vinyl formate and acetate, methallyl alcohol and allylmethyl carbonate and basic monomers such as dimethylaminoethyl and pyrrolidinopropyl acrylates, dimethylaminoethyl and morpholinopropyl acrylamides, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylamide, vinyl morpholinoethyl ether, bis-dimethylaminoethyl fumarate and itaconate, bis-dimethylaminopropyl fumarate, 2-vinylbenzimidazole and N-vinylimidazole, and the quaternization products of such basic monomers with agents such as dimethyl sulphate, methyl bromide, allyl chloride, dimethyl chloracetamide, methyl chloracetate and ethylene bromhydrin. Thioureas specified are low molecular weight monovalent thioureas, thioureas containing salt forming groups and multivalent and polymeric thioureas, which latter may be used to bring about cross-linking in the copolymer; preferred thioureas are ethylene thiourea, sym.-dimethylthiourea, tetramethyl thiourea, polytetramethylene thiourea, polyhexamethylene thiourea, N-methyl - N1 - dimethylaminoethyl thiourea, hexamethylene - bis - omega - dimethyl thiourea, 4 - omega - methylthioureidobenzoic acid and the polythiourea from polyethyleneimine and methyl isothiocyanate. The copolymer when treated with the thiourea may be in shaped form, e.g. oriented films and fibres, or in unshaped form, or in solution in a suitable solvent, e.g. dimethylformamide; when the copolymer is in shaped form the reaction is usually effected in an aqueous medium; the temperature of the treatment is usually within the range of from 80 DEG to 140 DEG C. The treatment with the thiourea may be combined with reaction with an amine, e.g. butylamine, cyclohexylamine, hexamethylene diamine, N-methylhexamethylene diamine, diaminocyclohexane, C - phenyl - 1 : 2 - ethyleneimine, pyridine and isoquinoline. The treated copolymers show affinity for a wide variety of dyestuffs. |
