| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: first, coal tar is treated with sulphuric acid at temperature of (60-70)°C. Unreacted aromatic hydrocarbons are successively washed with toluene and acetone, and unreacted sulphuric acid and formed aromatic sulphonic acids are washed with water to pH 6.5-7.0. The obtained mass is dried and residual aromatic hydrocarbons are removed by successively washing with toluene and acetone in a Soxhlet apparatus. The water-soluble part is extracted with water in form of an aqueous solution which contains both a carbon nanocluster polysulphonic derivative and a carbon nanocluster hydroxyl derivative which is precipitated with calcium carbonate or hydroxide. The filtered solution is evaporated on a rotary evaporator obtaining a dry end product - water-soluble polysulphonic derivative of a carbon nanocluster, which is a yellow-brown power with density of 1.2 g/cm. The clusters have size of the order of 1-2 nm and molecular weight of 2000-3000.EFFECT: invention can be used to modify carbon fibres and fabrics, as a concrete plasticiser modifier which improves plasticising and water-reducing properties thereof.9 cl, 1 dwg, 2 ex |
