ABSORPTION HEAT PUMP WITH SORBENT COMPRISING A LITHIUM SALT AND AN ORGANIC SALT WITH THE SAME ANION

摘要

#CMT# #/CMT# Absorption heat pump comprises an absorber, a desorber, a condenser, an evaporator, a volatile refrigerant and a sorbent comprising a lithium salt and at least one organic salt with an organic cation Q +>, where the lithium and organic salts comprise the same anion having a molar mass of not > 200 g/mole and which is not a halide, and the organic cation Q +>has a molar mass of not > 200 g/mole. #CMT#USE : #/CMT# Used as an absorption heat pump. #CMT#ADVANTAGE : #/CMT# The absorption heat pump exhibits an improved degassing range of the working medium composed of refrigerant and sorbent. #CMT#INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING : #/CMT# Preferred Method: The absorption heat pump is operated as an absorption cooling machine and absorbs the evaporator heat from a medium to be cooled. The absorption heat pump is a dual stage pump. A vapor phase containing the refrigerant and a liquid phase containing sorbent are separated by a semipermeable membrane in the absorber and/or desorber, and the semipermeable membrane is permeable for the refrigerant and impermeable for the sorbent. #CMT#ORGANIC CHEMISTRY : #/CMT# Preferred Components: The sorbent contains the lithium salt and the organic salt in a molar ratio for which the melting point of the mixture of lithium salt and organic salt is lower than the melting points of lithium salt and the organic salt. The sorbent contains the lithium salt and the organic salt in a molar ratio, which differs in not > 25 mole% of a eutectic mixture of lithium salt and organic salt. The amount of lithium salt and organic salts in the sorbent is more than 50 wt.%. The refrigerant includes water, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, trifluoroethanol, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and ammonia, preferably water. A saturated solution of the lithium salt at 35[deg] C in the refrigerant has a higher vapor pressure than a mixture of the organic salt and the refrigerant with an equal weight of refrigerant. The organic cation Q +>includes 1,3-dialkylimidazolium ion, 1,3-dialkyl-imidazolinium ion, N-alkylpyridinium ion, N,N-dialkylpyrrolidinium ion, ammonium ions of formula (R 1>R 2>R 3>R 4>N +>). The anion includes nitrate, formate, acetate, cyanate, sulfate, methyl sulfate, carbonate, oxalate, succinate, methyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, hydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate. The anion exhibits pK bof more than 5. The anion is: a single negative charge; and an anion of a monovalent acid. R 1>, R 2>, R 3> : H, alkyl or hydroxyethyl; and R 4> : alkyl. #CMT#POLYMERS : #/CMT# Preferred Components: At least one of the parts including absorber, desorber, condenser and evaporator, comprise a wall surface of a polymeric material comprising polyamides, polyimides and polyether ether ketone, which is replaced over the heat with the surrounding. #CMT#EXAMPLE : #/CMT# No suitable example given.