| 摘要 |
Bis-quaternary ammonium salts of formula wherein Y is a group of formula NR<SUB>11</SUB>R<SUB>12</SUB><SUP>+</SUP>X<SUP>-</SUP> or NR<SUB>7</SUB>; n is 0 or 1; p is 1 or 2; r and q are independently 2, 3 or 4; X is an anionic counterion and R<SUB>1</SUB>R<SUB>2</SUB>R<SUB>3</SUB>N- and R<SUB>4</SUB>R<SUB>5</SUB>R<SUB>6</SUB>N- are independently selected from groups of formula -N(R<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>R<SUB>8</SUB>, -N(R<SUB>14</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>, -N(R<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>, -N(R<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>q</SUB>OC(O)R<SUB>9</SUB>, and wherein R<SUB>7</SUB>, R<SUB>11 </SUB>and R<SUB>12 </SUB>are independently selected from C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>18 </SUB>alkyl; R<SUB>8</SUB>, R<SUB>9</SUB>, R<SUB>10 </SUB>and R<SUB>15 </SUB>are independently selected from C<SUB>8</SUB>-C<SUB>18 </SUB>alkyl and C<SUB>8</SUB>-C<SUB>18 </SUB>alkenyl; R<SUB>13 </SUB>is C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>4 </SUB>alkyl; R<SUB>14 </SUB>is C<SUB>2</SUB>-C<SUB>4 </SUB>hydroxyalkyl; and R<SUB>11 </SUB>is selected from C<SUB>2</SUB>-C<SUB>4 </SUB>hydroxyalkyl, C<SUB>2</SUB>-C<SUB>4 </SUB>aminoalkyl and groups of formula -CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>r</SUB>NHC(O)R<SUB>15 </SUB>are effective inhibitors of corrosion and biofouling of metallic surfaces in contact with gas- and oil-field fluids.
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